The current situation of Chinas social environmental testing institutions were analyzed in this paper. It pointed out that due to the imperfect government supervision system, lowcost competition in the environmental monitoring service market, lack of social responsibility awareness of social environmental testing institutions, and lack of environmental monitoring professionals and technical personnel, the data quality of the social environmental cannot be guaranteed. To further improve the supervision and management system of the government, we proposed that we should strengthen the selfdiscipline and restraint mechanism of the environmental monitoring industry, enhance the ability level of environmental monitoring personnel, and standardize the scope of information disclosure, so as to continuously improve the quality of social environmental testing data.