| 摘要: |
| 【目的】在南京江宁区进行外来入侵植物普查过程中,发现原本引入种植在城市公园绿地的外来植物柳叶马鞭草(Verbena bonariensis L.),出现大片逸生的植株。柳叶马鞭草植株高大、种子量大、繁殖方式多样、且具有强的抗旱能力,是否今后会演变为类似加拿大一枝黄花这样失控的外来入侵植物呢？尚未见报道。本文通过野外调查、植物性状解剖、和依据3种草本植物外来入侵评估风险体系,首次对柳叶马鞭草开展了入侵风险评估,有利于及早监测预警和防治。【方法】通过实地调查、性状解剖和查阅文献,使用3种外来物种风险评估指标体系(《NY/T 3669-2020外来草本植物引入风险评估技术规范》《外来入侵植物杂草化风险“五阶评估法”体系》《NY/T 1851-2010外来草本植物引入风险评估技术规范》)分别对柳叶马鞭草进行了风险评估,并同时评估了外来入侵植物加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis L.)和外来植物番茄(Solanum lycopersicum L.)作为参照。【结果】在3种风险评估标准中《NY/T 3669-2020外来草本植物引入风险评估技术规范》评估柳叶马鞭草的风险值为R=63.6,为严禁引入。《外来入侵植物杂草化风险“五阶评估法”体系》评估柳叶马鞭草的入侵风险值为R=47.5,为必须严格限制引入的目的、区域、数量和次数,而且引入后必须有足够措施限制其逃逸和扩散,并加强监测工作。《NY/T 1851-2010外来草本植物引入风险评估技术规范》评估柳叶马鞭草的风险值为R=1.07,风险等级为中,需增加评估内容或暂缓引入。【结论】通过3种评估标准评估了柳叶马鞭草的入侵性,均表明其具高的外来入侵风险,应加强监控和管理,防止演变为恶性入侵杂草。 |
| 关键词: 柳叶马鞭草 外来入侵植物 风险评估 监测管理 |
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| Invasion risk assessment of Verbena bonariensis L.based on three invasive plant risk assessment systems |
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Xiao Wang, Xiao-Ling Song, Sheng Qiang
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Weed Research Laboratory,Department of plant biology,College of Life Science,Nanjing Agricultural University,Jiangsu
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objectives】During the survey of invasive alien plants in Jiangning District, Nanjing, it was found that Verbena bonariensis L., an alien plant originally planted in the green spaces of urban parks, appeared as a large escaped plant. Verbena bonariensis L. has strong drought resistance, large seed volume, diverse reproduction methods, and tall plants, so will it evolve into an out-of-control invasive alien plant like Solidago canadensis L. in the future? In this paper, we conducted the first invasion risk assessment of Verbena bonariensis L through field survey, plant trait dissection, and three herbaceous plant invasion risk assessment systems, which is conducive to early warning and control.【Methods】Through literature review and fieldwork, three alien species risk assessment indicator systems were used.(NY/T 3669-2020 Technical Specification for Risk Assessment of Introduced Alien Herbaceous Plants, Five-step Assessment Method for Weed Risk of Invasive Alien Plants, and NY/T 1851-2010 Technical Specification for Risk Assessment of Introduced Alien Herbaceous Plants).The risk assessment of Verbena bonadariensis L. was conducted separately, and the invasive plants Solidago canadensis L. and Solanum lycopersicum L. were used as controls.【Results】Among the 3 risk assessment criteria, NY/T 3669-2020 Technical Specification for Risk Assessment of Introduction of Exotic Herbaceous Plants assessed Verbena bonariensis L. a risk value was R=69.1, which means that its introduction is strictly prohibited. The risk value of Verbena bonariensis L was R=47.5 by Five-order Assessment Method for the Risk of Invasive Alien Plant system, which means that the purpose, area, quantity and frequency of introduction must be strictly limited. The risk value of Verbena bonariensis L. in the NY/T 1851-2010 Technical Specification for Risk Assessment of the Introduction of Exotic Herb Plants was R=1.07, with a medium risk level, which needs to be added to the assessment or deferred from the introduction.【Conclusions】The invasiveness of Verbena bonariensis L was assessed by 3 evaluation criteria, all of which indicated that it has a high risk of invasion and should be monitored and managed to prevent it from evolving into a pernicious invasive weed. |
| Key words: Verbena bonariensis risk assessment biological invasion monitoring and management. |
