| 摘要: |
| 目前我国地下水风险评估主要考虑污染物对地块内人体健康造成的风险，地块下游河流等敏感受体可能受到的影响常被忽视。本文以某具有三十年生产历史的玻璃厂搬迁地块为研究对象，在前期调查工作探明地下水污染物空间分布范围的基础上，针对污染浓度高但没有人体健康风险暴露途径的污染物，通过构建含水层脆弱性评价模型和污染物溶质运移模型，多维度综合评估其整体风险。结果表明：研究区地下水污染物氟化物和砷最大超标倍数为Ⅳ类地下水标准限值的 13.8 和 50 倍，污染主要集中在东侧边界紧邻上游生产车间位置，深度达到18m。由于无暴露途径，故不会对人体产生致癌或非致癌风险。研究区含水层整体脆弱性高，易受污染。模拟计算结果显示在对流弥散作用下50年后污染羽中心最高浓度大幅下降，污染羽范围未超出地块边界，故不会对下游河流产生生态危害。 |
| 关键词: 地下水，环境调查，脆弱性评估，数值模拟 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:X523 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Investigation and evaluation of fluoride and arsenic pollution in groundwater of a glass factory relocation plot |
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| Abstract: |
| At present, the risk assessment of groundwater in China mainly considers the risks posed by pollutants to human health within the site, while the potential impacts on sensitive receptors such as downstream rivers are often overlooked. This study takes a glass factory site with a 30-year production history as the research object. Based on the previous investigation that identified the spatial distribution range of groundwater pollutants, it focuses on pollutants with high concentrations but no exposure pathways to human health. By constructing an aquifer vulnerability assessment model and a pollutant solute transport model, the overall risk is comprehensively evaluated from multiple dimensions. The results show that the maximum exceedance multiples of fluoride and arsenic in the study area's groundwater are 13.8 and 50 times the standard limits for Class IV groundwater, respectively. The pollution is mainly concentrated at the eastern boundary adjacent to the upstream production workshop, reaching a depth of 18 meters. Due to the absence of exposure pathways, there is no carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic risk to human health. The overall vulnerability of the aquifer in the study area is high, making it susceptible to pollution. The simulation results show that after 50 years of convective dispersion, the maximum concentration at the center of the pollution plume has significantly decreased, and the pollution plume has not exceeded the site boundary, thus posing no ecological hazard to the downstream river. |
| Key words: Groundwater, environmental investigation, vulnerability assessment, numerical simulation |
