苏州市冬季PM<sub>2.5</sub>中重金属特征、来源及风险评价

缪青; 周民锋; 杨倩; 熊宇; 魏恒

引用本文:	缪青,周民锋,杨倩,熊宇,魏恒.苏州市冬季PM_2.5中重金属特征、来源及风险评价[J].环境监控与预警,2025,17(1):29-34
	MIAO Qing,ZHOU Minfeng,YANG Qian,XIONG Yu,WEI Heng.Characteristics， Source Identification and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in PM_2.5 in Suzhou in Winter[J].Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning,2025,17(1):29-34

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苏州市冬季PM_2.5中重金属特征、来源及风险评价
缪青^1,2，周民锋^1,2，杨倩^1,2，熊宇^1,2，魏恒^1,2
1. 江苏省苏州环境监测中心，江苏苏州 215004；2. 江苏省环境保护空气复合污染监测重点实验室，江苏苏州 215004

摘要:

于2021年12月1日—2022年2月28日，利用在线重金属观测仪对苏州市大气细颗粒物（PM_2.5）中8种重金属［铬（Cr）、锰（Mn）、镍（Ni）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、砷（As）、镉（Cd）和铅（Pb）］进行监测，运用富集因子法和潜在源贡献方法进行来源解析，并采用风险评价模型进行生态和健康风险评估。结果表明：观测期间8种重金属质量浓度由高到低分别为Zn＞Mn＞Pb＞Cu＞Cr＞As＞Ni＞Cd，其中Ni、Cr、Mn、Cu、Pb和Zn的质量浓度随PM_2.5质量浓度的增加而增加。As、Cu、Pb、Zn 和Cd受到人为源影响，其中Zn和Cd受人为源影响严重；安徽省、江苏省等周边区域传输对重金属质量浓度有一定贡献。潜在生态风险评价结果表明重金属的潜在生态风险极强，其潜在生态风险大小依次为Cd>As＞Pb＞Cu＞Zn＞Ni＞Cr＞Mn。健康风险评价结果显示，Zn、Cu、Mn和Pb的非致癌风险<1，非致癌风险较小，可忽略。Cr对儿童和成人，As对成人存在一定致癌风险，致癌风险处于可接受水平；Cd和Ni对儿童和成人，As对儿童不具有致癌风险。

关键词: 冬季细颗粒物重金属来源风险评价苏州

DOI：DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6732.2025.01.005

分类号:X820.4

基金项目:苏州市科技发展计划项目（SS202141）；江苏省PM_2.5与臭氧协同控制重大专项（2019023）

Characteristics， Source Identification and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in PM_2.5 in Suzhou in Winter

MIAO Qing^1,2， ZHOU Minfeng^1,2， YANG Qian^1,2， XIONG Yu^1,2， WEI Heng^1,2

1.Jiangsu Suzhou Environmental Monitoring Center， Suzhou，Jiangsu 215004， China； 2. Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Combined Pollution Monitoring， Environmental Protection Department of Jiangsu Province， Suzhou，Jiangsu 215004， China

Abstract:

An online heavy metal analyzer was used to monitor eight heavy metals（Cr， Mn， Ni， Cu， Zn， As， Cd and Pb） in PM_2.5 in Suzhou City from December 1， 2021 to February 28， 2022. The source analysis was conducted using the enrichment factor method and potential source contribution method， and the risk assessment model was adopted for ecological and healthrisk assessment. The results showed that the concentrations of the eight heavy metals were ranked from high to low as Zn>Mn>Pb>Cu>Cr>As>Ni>Cd， and the concentrations of Ni， Cr， Mn， Cu， Pb and Zn increased with the increase of PM_2.5 concentration. As， Cu， Pb， Zn， and Cd elements were affected by anthropogenic sources， with Zn and Cd elements being severely affected by anthropogenic sources. The transmission in surrounding areas such as Anhui and Jiangsu provinces contributed to the concentration of heavy metals. The environmental health risk assessment model showed that the potential ecological risks of heavy metals are extremely strong， and the potential ecological risks of each element were in the order of Cd>As>Pb>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr>Mn. The health risk assessment results showed that the exposure risk values of Zn， Cu， Mn， and Pb elements are less than 1， indicating a lower non carcinogenic risk. The carcinogenic risk of Cr element is the highest， with an acceptable risk for children and adults， followed by As element， which has an acceptable risk for adults. Cd and Ni elements posed no carcinogenic risk for either children or adults.

Key words: Winter PM_2.5 Heavy metals Source Risk assessment Suzhou