| 引用本文: | 吴智慧,叶尔那·木合亚提,闫攀登,胡光胜,谢继斌,李军华.乌鲁木齐市PM2.5 中重金属污染特征及健康风险评估[J].环境监控与预警,2024,16(4):63-72 |
| WU Zhihui,MUHEYATI·Yeerna,YAN Pandeng,HU Guangsheng,XIE Jibin,LI Junhua.Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal in Atmospheric PM2.5 in Urumqi[J].Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning,2024,16(4):63-72 |
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| 摘要: |
| 为探究乌鲁木齐大气细颗粒物（PM2.5 ）中重金属的污染水平、来源、健康风险及其变化趋势，对乌鲁木齐市典型区域2020年各季节PM2.5中重金属的质量浓度进行了连续监测。研究结果表明，2020年，乌鲁木齐市大气ρ（PM2.5）年均值超过我国《环境空气质量标准》（GB 3095—2012）二级标准限值（35μg/m3），冬季PM2.5中重金属质量浓度最高，夏季最低；其中质量浓度较高的重金属为铜（Cu）、铬（Cr）、锌（Zn）、锰（Mn）。1#（交通要道区）、2#（工业集中区）、3#（农业区）3个监测点大气PM2.5中重金属总质量浓度分别占ρ（PM2.5）的1.57%，2.48%，0.68%；不同监测点位重金属质量浓度表现为2#>1#>3#。1#、2#、3#监测点大气PM2.5中重金属的主要来源有燃煤源、工业源、交通源。Cr对不同人群的致癌风险（ILCR）>10-4，存在致癌风险；镍（Ni）、镉（Cd）对不同人群的ILCR为10-6~10-4，存在一定的致癌可能，处于可接受水平。Mn、Cr的危险系数（HQ）>1，存在非致癌风险；其余重金属对不同人群的HQ<1，非致癌风险可忽略；7种重金属的HQ表现为儿童>成年男性>成年女性。 |
| 关键词: 乌鲁木齐 细颗粒物来源 重金属 污染特征 健康风险评估 |
| DOI：DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6732.2024.04.007 |
| 分类号:X823 |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目（2020D01A91） |
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| Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal in Atmospheric PM2.5 in Urumqi |
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WU Zhihui1,2.3， MUHEYATI·Yeerna1,2.3， YAN Pandeng1,2.3， HU Guangsheng1,2.3， XIE Jibin1,2.3， LI Junhua1,2.3*
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1.Xinjiang Academy of Environmental Protection Science， Urumqi， Xinjiang 830011， China；
2.Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Risk Warning， Urumqi， Xinjiang 830011， China；
3.Junggar Desert oasis Ecotone Station for Scientific Observation and Research of National Environmental Protection， Urumqi， Xinjiang 830011， China
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| Abstract: |
| In order to investigate the current pollution levels， sources， health risks and trends of heavy metals in atmosph eric PM2.5 in Urumqi， continuous monitoring of heavy metals in PM2.5 in four seasons in a typical representative area of Urumqi was conducted to analyse the pollution characteristics， sources and health risks of heavy metals in PM2.5 . The results show that the annual average value of PM2.5 in 2020 exceeded the class II limit value of 35 μg/m3 set by China’s Ambient Air Quality Standard（GB3095—2012）. The concentration of each element was the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. Cu， Cr， Zn， Mn were the most abundant elements in PM2.5. The total content of heavy metals in the monitoring points of #1（traffic road area）， #2（industrial concentration area）， and #3（agricultural area） accounted for 1.57%， 2.48%， and 0.68% of the mass concentration of PM2.5， respectively， i.e.， the heavy metal content in PM2.5 in the three monitoring points ranged in descending order as 2# monitoring point>1# monitoring point>3# monitoring point. The ILCR of Cr is>10-4， which shows a carcinogenic risk for the whole group of people. The ILCR of Cd is in the range of 10-6~10-4， indicating acceptable levels， and the carcinogenic risk is negligible. The HQs of Mn and Cr are both>1， showing non carcinogenic risk. The HQs of the 7 heavy metals range as children>male adults>female adults， with all values less than 1， the non-carcinogenic risk is low and negligible. |
| Key words: Urumqi Source of PM2.5 Heavy metals Pollution characteristics Health risk assessment |
