| 引用本文: | 甘杰,李颖,周昊昱,谢培,唐婉,陈阳.烟花爆竹燃放对永州市环境空气质量的影响分析[J].环境监控与预警,2024,16(4):130-135 |
| GAN Jie,LI Ying,ZHOU Haoyu,XIE Pei,TANG Wan,CHEN Yang.Analysis of the Influence of Fireworks on the Air Quality of Yongzhou City during Spring Festival[J].Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning,2024,16(4):130-135 |
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| 摘要: |
| 基于2018—2022年永州市春节期间逐时的各项污染物质量浓度数据，通过质量浓度分析、组分分析、相关性分析以及相对比值分析等方法，进一步精细化分析烟花爆竹燃放对环境空气质量的影响程度。结果表明，2018—2022年永州市春节期间污染天气主要集中在除夕及初一，污染物质量浓度攀升时间与当地烟花爆竹集中燃放时间一致，细颗粒物（PM2.5 ）小时最大质量浓度高达184 μg/m3，最高增幅达1.410%。集中燃放期间，钾离子（K+）、镁离子（Mg2+）、钙离子（Ca2+）、氯离子（Cl-）等增幅较高，且与颗粒物质量浓度保持较高的相关性，其中烟花爆竹燃放特征离子（K+）质量浓度最大值达到21.6 μg/m3，约是常规清洁天气下的7倍。相对比值分析结果表明，烟花爆竹燃放对颗粒物质量浓度的提升贡献较大，2022年集中燃放时期，烟花爆竹对PM2.5和可吸入颗粒物（PM10）质量浓度的贡献占比分别为6.2%~52.7%和0.9%~52.0%，烟花爆竹贡献的颗粒物质量浓度与实测质量浓度在小时变化趋势上呈高度一致性，表明烟花爆竹燃放是影响永州春节空气质量的主要原因。 |
| 关键词: 烟花爆竹燃放 空气质量 定量评估 细颗粒物 |
| DOI：DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6732.2024.04.016 |
| 分类号:X823 |
| 基金项目:湖南省环保科研课题（HBKT-2002006）；国家可持续发展议程创新示范区建设省级专项项目（2021sfq26） |
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| Analysis of the Influence of Fireworks on the Air Quality of Yongzhou City during Spring Festival |
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GAN Jie1， LI Ying2， ZHOU Haoyu3， XIE Pei3*， TANG Wan3， CHEN Yang1
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1.Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Hunan Province， Changsha， Hunan 410014， China；
2.Lihe Technology（Hunan） Co.， Ltd.， Changsha，Hunan 410000， China；
3.Yongzhou Ecological Monitoring Center of Hunan Province， Yongzhou， Hunan 425000， China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the hourly concentration data of various pollutants during the Spring Festival in Yongzhou City from 2018 to 2022， this study further analyzed the impact of fireworks on ambient air quality through concentration analysis， component analysis， correlation analysis and relative ratio analysis. The results showed that the pollution weather during the Spring Festival in Yongzhou City from 2018 to 2022 was mainly concentrated on the New Year’s Eve and the first day of the year. The rising time of pollutant concentration is consistent with fireworks setting off time. The hourly maximum concentration of PM2.5 was as high as 184 μg/m3， with the highest increase of 1 410%. During the discharge period， K+， Mg2+， Ca2+and Cl- plasma increased significantly， and were related to the high concentration of particulate matter. Among them， the maximum concentration of K+， a characteristic ion set off by fireworks and firecrackers， reached 21.6 μg/m3， which was about 7 times that of conventional clean weather. The results of relative ratio analysis showed that the contribution of fireworks and firecrackers to the increase of particulate matter concentration is greater， and the contribution of fireworks and firecrackers to PM2.5 and PM10 concentration during the concentrated discharge period in 2022 was 6.2%~52.7% and 0.9%~52.0%， respectively. The concentration of par ticulate matter contributed by fireworks and the measured concentration showed a high consistency in the hourly variation trend， and the fireworks and firecrackers display was the main reason affecting the air quality in Yongzhou during the Spring Festival. |
| Key words: Fireworks display Air quality Quantitative evaluation PM2.5 |
