| 摘要: |
| 白马湖是淮河入江水系的重要生态结点，鱼类多样性作为水生生物多样性的重要组成部分，科学监测鱼类组成与分布是保障水生态安全的重要举措。于2023年4—5月在白马湖设置样点，采用环境DNA（eDNA）技术开展了鱼类多样性监测工作，运用多样性指数模型以及聚类分析等方法分析探究了白马湖鱼类多样性与群落结构特征。结果表明，利用eDNA技术共调查到白马湖鱼类7目18科43属56种，主要以鲤形目与鲈形目为主。相较于传统鱼类调查方法，2种调查方法的物种检出一致率为67.85%。多样性指数计算结果表明，白马湖鱼类多样性处于一般丰富水平，群落多样性结构受人类活动中度影响，白马湖鱼类群落结构呈现一定的空间分布特征，南部湖区鱼类多样性水平最高。研究结果为分析白马湖鱼类群落结构特征、探索鱼类多样性监测积累了基础资料，为白马湖鱼类多样性保护管理以及水生态健康维持提供了数据支撑。 |
| 关键词: 白马湖 环境DNA 鱼类 生物多样性 |
| DOI：DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6732.2024.05.010 |
| 分类号:S932.4 |
| 基金项目:江苏省生态环境监测科研基金项目（2314） |
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| Investigation of Fish Biodiversity in Baima Lake Based on Environmental DNA Metabarcoding |
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YANG Ziyi， YU Yunxin
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Jiangsu Huai'an Environmental Monitoring Center， Huaian， Jiangsu 223001，China
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| Abstract: |
| Baima Lake serves as a critical ecological nexus within the Huaihe River and the Yangtze River. Fish is considered to be the important component of biodiversity of aquatic biodiversity， and monitoring fish composition and distribution scientifically is an essential measure to ensure water ecosystems safety. To monitor the fish diversity， a survey had been conducted during April to May 2023 using environmental DNA metabarcoding technology and the biodiversity index model and cluster analysis methods were employed to explore the biodiversity and the community structure of fish in Baima Lake. The results showed that 56 species of fish were identified by using eDNA method， belonging to 7 orders， 18 families and 43genera， and the identical result was 67.85% compared with the traditional method. Cypriniformes and Perciformes were the primary orders. The diversity index results showed that the richness of fish in Baima Lake was in middle level， the fish was moderately affected by human activities， and the fish diversity in the south of Baima Lake was relatively better.The survey will provide foundational data for analyzing the structural characteristics of fish communities and exploring fish diversity， and offer data support for the conservation of fish diversity and the maintenance of aquatic ecological health in Baima Lake. |
| Key words: Baima Lake Environmental DNA Fish Biological diversity |
