江苏省城市公园鸟类多样性

吕学研; 胡迎春; 胡梅; 张咏; 马士胜; 蔡琨; 范清华

引用本文:	吕学研,胡迎春,胡梅,张咏,马士胜,蔡琨,范清华.江苏省城市公园鸟类多样性[J].环境监控与预警,2025,17(2):1-7
	LYU Xueyan,HU Yingchun,HU Mei,ZHANG Yong,MA Shisheng,CAI Kun,FAN Qinghua.Bird Diversity in Urban Parks in Jiangsu Province[J].Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning,2025,17(2):1-7

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江苏省城市公园鸟类多样性
吕学研¹，胡迎春²，胡梅³，张咏^1*，马士胜¹，蔡琨¹，范清华¹
1. 江苏省环境监测中心，江苏南京 210019；2. 宿迁市古黄河公园管理服务中心，江苏宿迁 223800；3. 江西省生态环境监测中心，江西南昌 330037

摘要:

于2023年对江苏省95个区县共96个城市公园开展鸟类调查，共调查记录到野生鸟类15目43科123种，包含国家Ⅱ级保护野生鸟类13种；雀形目鸟类最多，共监测记录到69种，其中以鹟科鸟类的物种数最多（9种）。白头鹎为全省范围内的优势种。南京市、连云港市和泰州市城市公园鸟类平均物种数最多，常州市城市公园鸟类平均物种数和数量最少但分布最均匀。连云港市城市公园鸟类平均数量最多但分布最不均匀。城市公园鸟类群落在全省初步呈现“两纵两横”的相似带。连云港市城市公园鸟类香农-维纳（Shannon-Wiener）多样性指数（H′）平均值最高；泰州市城市公园鸟类Margalef丰富度指数（D）平均值最高（4.07）；常州市城市公园鸟类皮耶罗（Pielou）均匀度指数（J）平均值最高（0.89）。城市公园鸟类物种丰富度方面的差异显著高于物种均匀性方面的差异。

关键词: 城市公园鸟类多样性多样性指数

DOI：DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6732.2025.02.001

分类号:Q958

基金项目:江苏省生态环境监测科研基金项目（2215）

Bird Diversity in Urban Parks in Jiangsu Province

LYU Xueyan¹， HU Yingchun， HU Mei³， ZHANG Yong^1*， MA Shisheng¹， CAI Kun¹， FAN Qinghua¹

1. Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center， Nanjing， Jiangsu 210019， China； 2. Ancient Yellow River Park Management Service Center， Suqian， Jiangsu 223800， China； 3. Jiangxi Province Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center， Nanchang， Jiangxi 330037， China

Abstract:

In this study， bird surveys were carried out in 96 urban parks across 95 districts and counties in Jiangsu Province in 2023. A total of 123 wild bird species were recorded in 15 orders， 43 families， including 13 species under China's Class Ⅱ national protection. Passerines accounted for the largest proportion， with 69 species recorded， among which flycatchers had the largest number（9） of species. Pycnonotus sinensis was the dominant species in the province. Nanjing， Lianyungang， and Taizhou had the highest average bird species number， while Changzhou had the lowest average bird species number and the most uniform distribution. The average number of birds in Lianyungang urban parks was the highest and the distribution was the most uneven， while the average number of birds in Changzhou urban parks was the lowest and the distribution was the most uniform. The spatial distribution of bird communities in urban parks across Jiangsu showed a preliminary “two vertical and two horizontal” similarity pattern. Lianyungang urban parks had the highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index（H′） of birds. Taizhou urban parks had the highest average Margalef richness index （D） of birds（4.07）. Changzhou urban parks had the highest average Pielou evenness index （J） of birds（0.89）. The difference in bird species richness in urban parks was significantly higher than that of species uniformity.

Key words: Urban park Bird diversity Diversity index