| 摘要: |
| 对2021年影响江苏省的沙尘天气过程开展研究，分析受影响的时间、区域特征及环境空气质量特征。结果表明，影响江苏省的沙尘天气过程共计13次，全省累计受影响229 d。从时间分布看，沙尘天气过程多发生在1月、3—5月，2月、11月较少，6—10月和12月无沙尘天气过程。从区域分布看，苏北地区受沙尘天气过程影响较显著，受影响天数＞20 d的城市均分布于此。受沙尘天气过程影响，且东北偏北风或东北风输送时，可吸入颗粒物（PM10）和细颗粒物（PM2.5）较易出现小时高值。沙尘过程造成PM10日均质量浓度超标的天数占比为38.0%，造成PM2.5日均质量浓度超标的天数占比仅为12.7%；扣除沙尘天气过程影响后，PM2.5和PM10年均质量浓度分别较扣除前下降1和6 μg/m3 ，沙尘天气过程对PM10质量浓度的影响大于对PM2.5质量浓度的影响。受沙尘天气过程影响时，环境空气质量为轻度污染及以上级别占比为45.0%，苏北和苏中地区环境空气质量易达到重度污染及以上级别，苏南地区多为良或轻度污染，少有中度污染。沙尘气团远距离传输使得PM10为首要污染物的特征有所削弱，83.8%的受影响天中首要污染物为PM10，其余为二氧化氮（NO2）或臭氧（O3）。 |
| 关键词: 沙尘 空气质量 可吸入颗粒物 细颗粒物 首要污染物 江苏省 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:X823 |
| 基金项目:江苏省环境监测科研基金项目（2121） |
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| Analysis of Air Quality Characteristics in Jiangsu Province under the Influence of Sand and Dust Weather in 2021 |
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YANG Xue, LIU Xiao-yuan,LU Wei-qing,MAO Jing-jing, CHEN Cheng1,2
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1.Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing,Jiangsu 210019,China;2. Jiangsu Suli Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing,Jiangsu 210019,China
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| Abstract: |
| The sand and dust weather process affecting Jiangsu Province in the year of 2021 was studied in this paper, and the affected time, regional characteristics and ambient air quality characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that, there were thirteen times of sand and dust weather processes affecting Jiangsu Province, with 229 days accumulated in total. In terms of time distribution, the sand and dust weather processes mostly occurred in January and from March to May, but less occurred in February and November, while no sand and dust weather process occurred from June to October and December. As to the regional distribution, northern Jiangsu was significantly affected by the sand and dust weather processes, cities that had been affected for more than 20 days were distributed in northern Jiangsu. During the sand and dust weather processes, hourly high concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were prone to occur with NNE and NE wind. The ratio of days that the daily concentration of PM10 exceeded the standard affected by the sand and dust weather processes was 38.0%, while the ratio of days that the daily concentrations of PM2.5 exceeded the standard was only 12.7%. After deducting the influence of sand and dust weather processes, the annual average concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in Jiangsu Province in 2021 lowered by 1 and 6 μg/m3 , respectively. The impact of sand and dust weather process on PM10 concentration was greater than that on PM2.5. The ratio of days that the ambient air quality with slight pollution or above caused by sand and dust weather processes was 45.0%, and the ambient air quality in northern and central Jiangsu was easy to reach the level of heavy pollution or above, while in southern Jiangsu, it was mostly good or slight pollution, with few moderate pollution. The characteristic of PM10 as the primary pollutant was weakened by the long distance transmission of dust air mass, the ratio of days when the primary pollutant was PM10 was 83.8%,and the rest were NO2 or O3. |
| Key words: Sand dust Air quality PM10 PM2.5 Primary pollutant Jiangsu Province |
