| 摘要: |
| 为调查四川省地表水体中放射性物质铀（U）的含量，评价居民摄入地表水体中U导致的健康风险，在四川省主要地表水系中共设置23个监测断面，于2016—2021年检测了U的放射性水平，并根据健康风险评价模型对居民的健康风险进行评估。结果表明：四川省地表水体中U的质量浓度为0.16～3.6 μg/L，参照《生活饮用水卫生标准》（GB 5749—2022），均合格；不同年份、不同地表水体中U的放射性水平间的差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；不同水期U的放射性水平间的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。各年龄组通过饮水、水体浸没途径摄入U所致总年均待积有效剂量均＜0.1mSv；对各年龄段居民的总致癌风险为4.18×10-9 ～2.24×10-8 ，均低于世界卫生组织（WHO）和国际放射防护委员会（ICRP）发布的最严格控制限值。全省主要地表水体中U对各年龄组都是安全的。 |
| 关键词: 地表水体 铀 放射性水平 健康风险 四川 |
| DOI：DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6732.2024.01.006 |
| 分类号:R181.3 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Radioactivity Level and Public Health Risk Assessment of Uranium in Surface Water in Sichuan Province in 2016—2021 |
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LIU Pei， GU Hong， WANG Gang， LI Yuandong， DU Yunwu， LIU Lang， XU Hailiang， TANG Hui*
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SiChuan Management and Monitoring Center Station of Radioactive Environment，Chengdu，Sichuan 611139，China
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the content of radioactive substance uranium（U） in surface water in Sichuan province， and to evaluate the health risk of residents taking U in surface water, a total of 23 monitoring sections were set up in the main surface water systems of Sichuan Province. The U radioactivity levels were detected during 2016—2021， and then the health risks of residents were assessed according to the health risk assessment model. Results showed that the radioactivity level of U in surface water in Sichuan province was 0.16~3.6 μg/L， which was all qualified according to “standards for drinking water quality”（GB 5749—2022）. There was no statistical significance in the radioactivity level of U in different years and different surface waters（P＞0.05）. There was statistical significance in radioactivity levels of U in different water periods（P＜0.05）. The total annual effective dose caused by U intake through drinking water and water immersion was lower than 0.1 mSv in all age groups. The total carcinogenic risk for residents of all ages was 4.18×10-9 ～2.24×10-8 ， all lower than the strictest control limits issued by World Health Organization（WHO） and International Commission on Radiological Protection（ICRP）. U in the main surface water bodies in Sichuan province is safe for all age groups. |
| Key words: Surface water Uranium Radioactivity level Health risk Sichuan |
