| 摘要: |
| 分别通过单因子水质评价、综合水质指数、主成分分析法对杭州西湖风景名胜区6条溪流2018—2023年水质特征进行分析评价。结果表明，杭州西湖风景名胜区6条溪流总磷（TP）、氨氮（NH3-N）、溶解氧（DO）、高锰酸盐指数（IMn）年均质量浓度均满足地表水Ⅲ类及以上水质要求。综合水质指数和主成分分析结果表明，6条溪流中梅坞溪和进龙河水质相对波动较大，关键影响指标分别为NH3-N和TP。季节性水质分析结果发现，梅坞溪水质波动主要出现在秋季（9—11月）和冬季（上年12月—2月），可能与周边农业非点源污染有关；进龙河水质波动主要出现在春季（3—5月），其受到底泥内源污染释放影响。建议通过加强内源污染控制、开展农业面源污染监测与防治、优化排口管理等方式完善水环境管理措施。 |
| 关键词: 水质评价 单因子 综合水质指数 主成分分析法 |
| DOI：DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6732.2025.01.016 |
| 分类号:X824 |
| 基金项目:杭州西湖风景名胜区管委会科技发展计划项目（2023-018） |
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| Water Quality Evaluation of Main Streams in Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area |
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YAO Tong， CHEN Fujiang， RUAN Bing， ZHAO Qianyin， CHEN Qiongxi， LI Bifeng， SHI Liyun， SHEN Ding
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Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area Urban Management Guarantee Center（Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area Environmental Monitoring Center）， Hangzhou， Zhejiang 310012， China
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| Abstract: |
| The water quality analysis of 6 streams in the West Lake Scenic Area of Hangzhou from 2018 to 2023 was conducted through single factor water quality evaluation， comprehensive water quality index， and principal component analysis. The results indicate that the annual average concentrations of total phosphorus（TP）， ammonia nitrogen（NH3-N）， dissolved oxygen（DO）， and permanganate index（IMn） in all 6 monitored sample sectors stably reached the limits of surface water class Ⅲ. The comprehensive water quality index and principal component analysis indicated that the water quality in the Meiwu Stream and Jinlong River exhibited relatively significant fluctuations， with key influencing factors being NH3-N and TP， respectively. Seasonal water quality analysis revealed that the water quality fluctuations in the Meiwu Stream mainly occurred in autumn（September-November） and winter（December-February）， potentially related to agricultural non-point source pollution in the surrounding areas. The water quality fluctuations in the Jinlong River primarily occurred in spring（March-May）， influenced by the release of internal source pollution from the sediment. It is recommended to improve water environment management measures by strengthening internal pollution control， conducting monitoring and prevention of agricultural non-point source pollution， and optimizing outfall management. |
| Key words: Water quality evaluation Single-factor Comprehensive water quality index Principal component analysis |
