| 摘要: |
| 江苏省滨海湿地分布在省内东部沿海一带，是中国沿海重要的生物多样性地区之一，为多种珍稀濒危长距离迁徙水鸟提供了重要的越冬地、繁殖地及迁徙停歇地。以丹顶鹤（Grus japonensis）、黑嘴鸥（Larus saundersi）和勺嘴鹬（Calidris pygmaea）为代表的湿地水鸟是江苏省滨海湿地生物多样性保护的关键物种，近海水域、光泥滩、低矮的碱蓬沼泽及稀疏的芦苇植被是该区域开展保护和恢复的目标生境。国内外滨海滩涂湿地恢复的成功实践表明，恢复滨海滩涂自然潮汐过程是滨海湿地生物多样性可持续恢复的有效途径，但往往历时较久，而局部构建关键物种的适宜生境是生物多样性恢复的快捷途径，但所需的维持成本较高。滨海湿地生态系统的修复是一个长期、动态的过程，无论采取何种保护和恢复对策，都应将持续监测与适应性管理纳入其中。 |
| 关键词: 滨海湿地 生物多样性 自然潮汐过程 适宜生境 适应性管理 |
| DOI：DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6732.2024.05.005 |
| 分类号:X36；F062.2；P96 |
| 基金项目:江苏省生态环境科研项目（2021002） |
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| Biodiversity Conservation Strategies of Coastal Wetlands in Jiangsu Province |
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ZHANG Qingqing
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Nanjing University School of Life Sciences， Nanjing， Jiangsu 210023， China
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| Abstract: |
| Coastal wetlands in Jiangsu Province are distributed in the eastern coastal areas of Jiangsu Province. They are one of the important biodiversity areas in coastal China. They provide important overwintering， breeding and migratory stops for many rare and threatened migratory waterbirds. Wetland waterbirds， represented by Red crowned Crane（Grus japonensis）， Saunders's Gull（Larus saundersi） and Spoon-billed Sandpiper（Calidris pygmaea）， are key species in coastal wetland biodiversity conservation in Jiangsu Province. The coastal waters， bare mudflats， low Suaeda marsh and sparse reeds are the target habitats for conservation and restoration in this area. The successful practice of coastal wetland restoration at home and abroad shows that restoring the natural tidal process of coastal wetland is an effective and sustainable way to restore coastal wetland biodiversity， but it usually takes a long time. The local construction of suitable habitats for key species is a quick way to restore biodiversity， but the maintenance cost is high. The restoration of coastal wetland ecosystem is a long-term and dynamic process， and continuous monitoring and adaptive management should be included in any conservation and restoration strategy. |
| Key words: Coastal wetland Biodiversity Natural tidal process Suitable habitats Adaptive management |
